String in Dart
A Dart string is a sequence of UTF 16 code units. String values in Dart can be represented using either single or double or triple quotes. Single line strings are represented using single or double quotes. Triple quotes are used to represent multi-line strings.
String var_name = 'value' Strings are immutable. However, strings can be subjected to various operations and the resultant string can be stored as a new value.
The process of creating a new string by appending a value to a static string is termed as concatenation or interpolation. In other words, it is the process of adding a string to another string.
The operator plus (+) is a commonly used mechanism to concatenate / interpolate strings.
void main() {
String str1 = "hello";
String str2 = "world";
String res = str1+str2;
print("The concatenated string : ${res}");
}
It will produce the following output −
The concatenated string : HelloworldString Properties
| No | Property & Description |
| 1 | codeUnits Returns an unmodifiable list of the UTF-16 code units of this string. |
| 2 | isEmpty Returns true if this string is empty. |
| 3 | Length Returns the length of the string including space, tab and newline characters. |
Example:
void main() {
String text = "Hello, World!";
// Using codeUnits method
List<int> codeUnitsList = text.codeUnits;
print("Code units of $text: $codeUnitsList");
// Using isEmpty method
bool emptyCheck = text.isEmpty;
print("Is $text empty? $emptyCheck");
// Using length method
int textLength = text.length;
print("Length of $text is $textLength");
}
Output:
Code units of Hello, World!: [72, 101, 108, 108, 111, 44, 32, 87, 111, 114, 108, 100, 33]
Is Hello, World! empty? false
Length of Hello, World! is 13String Methods
The String class in the dart core library also provides methods to manipulate strings. Some of these methods are given below −
| No | Methods & Description |
| 1 | toLowerCase() Converts all characters in this string to lowercase. |
| 2 | toUpperCase() Converts all characters in this string to uppercase. |
| 3 | trim() Returns the string without any leading and trailing whitespace. |
| 4 | compareTo() Compare this object to another. |
| 5 | replaceAll() Replaces all substrings that match the specified pattern with a given value. |
| 6 | split() Splits the string at matches of the specified delimiter and returns a list of substrings. |
| 7 | substring() Returns the substring of this string that extends from startIndex, inclusive, to endIndex, exclusive. |
| 8 | toString() Returns a string representation of this object. |
| 9 | codeUnitAt() Returns the 16-bit UTF-16 code unit at the given index. |
Example:
void main() {
String str = " Hello, World! ";
// Convert to lowercase
print("Lowercase: ${str.toLowerCase()}");
// Convert to uppercase
print("Uppercase: ${str.toUpperCase()}");
// Trim whitespace
print("Trimmed: ${str.trim()}");
// Compare to another string
print("Compare: ${str.compareTo(" HELLO, WORLD! ")}");
// Replace all occurrences of a substring
print("Replaced: ${str.replaceAll("World", "Dart")}");
// Split into a list of substrings
print("Split: ${str.split(",")}");
// Get a substring
print("Substring: ${str.substring(3, 8)}");
// Convert to a string
Object obj = 42;
print("Object as string: ${obj.toString()}");
}
Output:
Lowercase: hello, world!
Uppercase: HELLO, WORLD!
Trimmed: Hello, World!
Compare: 1
Replaced: Hello, Dart!
Split: [ Hello, World! ]
Substring: Hello
Object as string: 42
